物理学：How does electricity find the “Path of Least Resistance”? 电是如何找到“阻力最小的路径”的

视频来自： How does electricity find the “Path of Least Resistance”? – YouTube

Ever wonder how electrons know where they are going? Electricity is a pretty mystifying topic, because electricity seems to be able to do impossible things, or at least things that don’t make sense at a normal “human” scale. In this video I use a thermal camera to show electric current through a maze made of aluminum foil. The electric current very efficiently solves the maze, which is awesome, and heats up the “solution” so we can see it!

有没有想过电子是如何知道它们要去哪里的?电是一个相当神秘的话题，因为电似乎能够做不可能的事情，或者至少是在正常的“人类”尺度上没有意义的事情。在这个视频中，我使用热像仪来显示电流通过一个由铝箔制成的迷宫。电流非常有效地解决了迷宫，这太棒了，它加热了“解决方案”，所以我们可以看到它

To explain this effect, I printed out the same maze but made of plastic trenches and not metal foil. By running water through this plastic maze, we can learn something about how electrons flow in metals. This analogy does have some limitations that you need to keep in mind, but for the vast majority of cases, I think it does a FANTASTIC job at modeling bulk electron behavior in “1D” wires. At the end of the video, I have a few more mazes that have two solutions each, to test the “path of least resistance” adage.

为了解释这种效果，我打印出了同样的迷宫，但用的是塑料沟槽，而不是金属箔。通过让水流过这个塑料迷宫，我们可以了解电子在金属中是如何流动的。这个类比确实有一些局限性，你需要记住，但在绝大多数情况下，我认为它在模拟“1D”导线中的体电子行为方面做得很好。在视频的最后，我还有几个迷宫，每个迷宫都有两个解决方案，以测试“阻力最小的路径”这句谚语。